Lineage · English

book

3
forms
0
borrowings across families
1
accepted edges
1
contested edges

Each band is a language family. Inheritance and cognacy never leave their band — the validator rejects any edge that tries — so every line crossing a band boundary is a borrowing. Solid lines are accepted, where the reference works agree; dashed lines are contested and left unresolved.

INDO-EUROPEANinheritedinherited · metonymybōcOld English · bookbookEnglish*bōk(ō)Proto-Germanic · beech;…

Every edge, with its source

  1. bōcOld English— inherited →bookEnglish accepted
    oed0.90
  2. *bōk(ō)Proto-Germanic— inherited →bōcOld English contested
    oed0.50