Lineage · French

étoile

6
forms
0
borrowings across families
4
accepted edges
1
contested edges

Each band is a language family. Inheritance and cognacy never leave their band — the validator rejects any edge that tries — so every line crossing a band boundary is a borrowing. Solid lines are accepted, where the reference works agree; dashed lines are contested and left unresolved.

INDO-EUROPEANcognateinheritedinheritedinheritedinheritedstēllaLatin · starétoileFrench*h₂stḗrReconstructed:PIE · starstarEnglishताराHindiतारा tārāSanskrit · star

Every edge, with its source

  1. starEnglish— cognate →ताराHindi contested
    watkins0.50
  2. stēllaLatin— inherited →étoileFrench accepted
    tlfi0.85
  3. *h₂stḗrReconstructed:PIE— inherited →starEnglish accepted
    watkins0.85
  4. *h₂stḗrReconstructed:PIE— inherited →stēllaLatin accepted
    watkins0.75
  5. तारा tārāSanskrit— inherited →ताराHindi accepted
    cdial0.70